Freight Forwarding vs CHA: What’s the Difference for Indian Exporters?
For the first time exporters in India, understanding the roles of Freight Forwarders and Customs House Agents (CHAs) can be confusing. Both play an important role in international trade, but their responsibilities are not the same.
In this blog, we respond to some of the most detected user questions related to freight forwarders and CHAs to help make smart shipping decisions.
What is the difference between a freight forwarder and CHA in India?
Let’s start with the basics:
| Point of Comparison | Freight Forwarder | Customs House Agent (CHA) |
|---|---|---|
| Core Function | Manages the entire shipping process | Specializes in customs clearance |
| Transport Services | Arranges transport via sea, air, road | Does not arrange transport |
| Customs Handling | May coordinate with CHA for clearance | Handles customs filing, duty payment |
| Cargo Management | Books cargo space, tracks shipments | Only clears goods at customs |
| Liaison Role | Liaison with shipping lines and transport agents | Liaison between exporter and Indian Customs |
| Additional Services | Can advise on routing, documentation, insurance | Limited to customs-related documentation |
| Shipping Capability | Can ship and manage end-to-end logistics | Cannot ship — only clears goods at customs |
So, while a freight forwarder is like a logistics manager, a CHA is your compliance expert at the customs port.
Do I need both a freight forwarder and CHA for export from India?
In many cases, yes — especially for new or regular exporters.
- Freight Forwarder: Books your cargo space, arranges pickup/delivery, and manages international transportation.
- CHA: Files your shipping bill with Indian Customs, handles import/export duties, and gets your goods cleared at the port.
Some companies offer both services under one roof, like JK International, which simplifies coordination.
Can a freight forwarder do customs clearance in India?
Not until they are licensed by Indian customs in the form of CHA.
- Freight forwarders can help you prepare documents and even coordinate with CHAs, but until they are registered, they cannot legally file customs documents on your behalf.
- If you work with an export partner with full service such as JK International, We usually work with internal or partner CHAs to streamline shipping.
Who handles shipping documents — CHA or freight forwarder?
It depends on the type of document:
| Handled by Freight Forwarder | Handled by CHA (Customs House Agent) |
|---|---|
| Bill of Lading / Airway Bill | Shipping Bill (Indian Customs) |
| Delivery Order | Duty Assessment Forms |
| Freight Invoice | Export Order (EDI filing) |
| Cargo Tracking Updates | Certificate of Clearance |
For smooth processing, both must work closely together to ensure consistency and accuracy in all documents.
Which is better: CHA or freight forwarder for small exporters?
For small exporters, the answer is often: you need both — or a company that provides both
- A freight forwarder helps you with booking and logistics.
- A CHA ensures your goods don’t get stuck at customs due to errors.
JK International provides bundled freight and clearance services, making it ideal for startups and small businesses looking for hassle-free exports.
For small exporters, the answer is often: You need both – or a company that provides both.
- A freight forwarder helps you in order and logistics.
- A CHA ensures that your goods do not get stuck on customs due to errors.
JK International Bundle offers freight and clearance services, making it ideal for start-up and small businesses, looking for hassle-free exports.
Is CHA registration mandatory for export in India?
Not for exporters — but it is mandatory for the person handling customs clearance.
- If you are doing self-clearance (very rare), you’d need CHA registration.
- If you’re outsourcing customs clearance, your appointed CHA must be registered with the Indian Customs Authority.
Pro Tip: Always verify that your CHA is licensed and compliant, or you risk shipment delays.
Final Takeaway: Choose the Right Partner for Export Success
Exports are complex- but it is not stressful. Whether you are looking for customs clearance, international logistics or end-to-end freight management, working with a professional team makes all the differences.